Structural design and seismic design of steel structure factory building
There are many elements in the structural design of steel structure factory buildings. First, a reasonable structural system must be adopted, and then an address that meets the regulations must be selected. Secondly, fire protection and anti-corrosion design must be done during construction. If it is necessary to design against earthquakes, then a reasonable configuration is needed to support the stability of the factory building. It is necessary to make full use of the load-bearing advantages of the steel structure to prevent lateral deformation, and also pay attention to the damage of the joints during earthquakes.
Key points in structural design of steel structure factory building
1. Structural system used in the design of steel structure workshops: Steel structure workshop generally require large spaces due to process layout requirements, and the structure usually adopts a frame structure. When the number of layers is large and the process conditions permit, the frame shear structure can also be used.
2. Site selection for steel structure factory building design: The location selection for factory building design is very important. To avoid earthquake zones as much as possible, the expansion joints of houses in earthquake zones are integrated. When the house is long, the following structural and construction measures should be taken to reduce the number of expansion joints and anti-seismic joints.
3. Fire protection design of steel structure factory buildings: The fire protection capability of steel structure industrial factory is very poor when the steel is heated above 100°C. As the temperature increases, the tensile strength of steel decreases and the plasticity increases. When the temperature is around 250°C, the tensile strength of the steel increases slightly, but the plasticity decreases, causing blue brittleness.
4. Anti-corrosion design of steel structure factory buildings: The surface of the steel structure will rust when it is directly exposed to the atmosphere. When there are corrosive media in the air of the steel structure factory building or the steel structure is in a humid environment. The corrosion of steel structure workshop will become more obvious and serious. The corrosion of the steel structure will not only reduce the cross-section of the component, but also cause local rust pits on the surface of the steel component. When the component is stressed, it will cause stress concentration and cause premature destruction of the structure.
5. The location of the elevator room in steel structure factory building design: Multi-story factory buildings must be equipped with elevators due to the heavy weight of equipment and goods and the need for vertical transportation. The reinforced concrete elevator shaft has a very high stiffness, and the eccentric effect of the elevator shaft on the building should be fully considered. In terms of structural layout, try to avoid placing elevator shafts at the corners and ends of the building.
Things to note when designing steel structure factory building against earthquake
1. Damage to steel structure factory building is generally not caused by insufficient strength of the rods, but by the loss of stability. Therefore, the support system should be properly configured to ensure the overall stability of the factory building.
2. On the whole, it is required that the stiffness and mass of the factory building are evenly distributed, and the force is evenly distributed, so as to avoid the negative effects caused by uneven stiffness of the structure. The transverse structural part of the factory building can use steel frame or frame. Make full use of the strong force-bearing advantages of the steel structure to reduce the deformation of the transverse structure.
3. Under the influence of earthquake, pay attention to the influence of low cycle fatigue. When designing structural connection points, it should be ensured that the failure of the nodes occurs later than the cross-sectional yielding of the structural members. Let the structural components enter the plastic work, absorb the earthquake energy well, and play their role.
